Flight Instruction vs Synthetic Flight Instruction
(FCL.900 Instructor Certificates; GM1 FCL.900 Instructor Certificates).

• To carry out Flight Instruction you need a PILOT LICENSE and an INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE
• To carry out Synthetic Flight Instruction you need an INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE

Note: TRI is required to hold a valid license and medical
Note:  SFI is not required to have a valid pilot license and medical 
COMMENT: From a practical point of view there is no differences between a TRI and a SFI. The main
difference is the possibility for the TRI to do training in flight after came to possession of an AOC and special Training.

Instruct (training) for the REVALIDATION or RENEWAL of an IR (provided he/she holds a valid IR Instruct (training) for the issue (preparation) of a TRI or SFI Certificate if he/she has
- at least 50 hours of Instructional experience as TRI or SFI
- conducted the flight instruction syllabus of the relevant part of a TRI training course
Instruct (training) for the issue, revalidation, renewal of a Type Rating for
- MP aircraft
- SP high-performance complex aircraft when the applicant seeks privileges to operate in MP operation
If the TRI training is done in an FSTD only, the privileges are restricted to the FSTD, and the TRI will be restricted as TRI/r. (FCL.910.TRI, GM1 FCL.910.TRI)
HOW TO REMOVE THE RESTRICTION FSTD only (TRI/r). (FCL.910.TRI TRI)
To remove the restriction on FSTD only the TRI must do an AOC in the aircraft.
How to add LIFUS (FCL.910.TRI; GM1 FCL.910; TRI FCL.930.TRI)
If the privileges for conducting LIFUS are sought (FCL.930.TRI) the training must include the following training:
- in an FSTD additional specific training.
- consolidation of the specific training in accordance with previous point, where the applicant shall, in the aircraft, provide LIFUS under the supervision of a TRI that is nominated for that purpose by the ATO.
How to add LT (Landing Training) (FCL.910.TRI; GM1 FCL.910; TRI FCL.930.TRI)
If the privileges for conducting LT are sought (FCL.930.TRI) the training must include the following training:
- in an FSTD additional specific training which, in the case of privileges for conducting take-off and landing training, shall include training for emergency procedures related to the aircraft.
- consolidation of the specific training in accordance with the previous point where the applicant shall, in the aircraft, provide take-off and landing training under the supervision of a TRI that is nominated for that purpose by the ATO.
The TRI could be:
TRI/r --- TRI --- TRI/r LIFUS --- TRI/LIFUS --- TRI/LIFUS/LT --- TRI/r LT --- TRI/LT

Instruct (training) for the REVALIDATION or RENEWAL of an IR, provided he/she holds or has held a valid IR;
Instruct (training) for the issue (preparation) of a TRI or SFI Certificate if he/she has
- at least 50 hours of Instructional experience as TRI or SFI
- conducted the flight instruction syllabus of the relevant part of a TRI training course
Instruct (training) for the issue, revalidation, renewal of a Type Rating for
- MP airplanes
- SP high-performance complex aircraft when the applicant seeks privileges to operate in MP operation
- the MCC training course

An applicant for an SFI certificate shall pass an assessment of competence (AoC) in the appropriate simulator to demonstrate to an examiner the ability to instruct a student pilot to the level required for the issue of the relevant rating.

This assessment shall include:

The demonstration of the competencies during pre-flight, post-flight and theoretical knowledge instruction.
Oral theoretical examinations on the ground, pre-flight and post-flight briefings and in-flight demonstrations in the appropriate simulator.
Exercises adequate to evaluate the instructor’s competencies.
The assessment shall be performed on the same class or type of simulator used for the flight instruction.

The assessment should consist of at least 3 hours of flight instruction related to the duties of an SFI on the applicable FFS or FTD 2/3.